The Basics of PCB Manufacturing |
Posted: January 17, 2023 |
The Basics of PCB Manufacturing PCB manufacturing is a complicated process. It involves various steps such as fabrication, etching, drilling, and assembly. Having a basic understanding of the different steps involved will help designers make sure their design is not a production failure. A complete understanding of the manufacturing process will also allow designers to catch mistakes in their designs. If you know the process, you will be better able to ensure that your PCB is manufactured correctly. The PCB manufacturing process begins with a design that is analyzed and converted into a data format pcb manufacturing suitable for manufacturing. Design data is then assigned a unique tool number to ensure proper tracking. This data is then replicated across the sheet of film that is used to create the PCB.
The design is verified with the aid of computer software to ensure that the board will be a good match for the components it will carry. Depending on the requirements, additional steps may be added to the process to improve electrical performance or protect the PCB from damage. Next, the board is separated into panels using a computer-controlled machine. These panels are then placed on a CNC machine. They are drilled for mechanical features such as blind vias and thru-hole vias. In some cases, beveled edges are added. Once the panel is finished, the PCB is depaneled. This step is necessary if the PCB needs to be shipped. To prevent nicks in the etched pattern, it is important to use a good dry film. Also, it is important to note that the size of the feature on the film can vary based on how the image is exposed. After the depaneling phase is completed, the PCB is inspected for quality. In addition, the surface finish is checked for accuracy. Additionally, the legend and soldermask are inspected for overall appearance. This is a critical step to ensure that the PCB will be a good match for the components to be mounted on it. Another step in the PCB manufacturing process is the photoengraving process. During this stage, a special printer is used to print a film that will be used to create the PCB. Typically, this film is sized to 18" x 24". However, if the CAM Engineer feels that the film is not accurate enough, he will be able to perform a second test run with the same equipment. The AOI is another important step in the PCB manufacturing process. AOI ensures that the finished product is accurate and will last. AOI can be a costly addition to the manufacturing process, but it is well worth the price to ensure a quality end product. Whether you choose a high-end or entry-level product, it is important to check the film for quality. Finally, the PCB is inspected for solder bridging and other potential electrical issues. In this step, a protective coating called a "Liquid Photo Imageable Solder Mask" is applied. This mask provides a separation between the conductive elements on the PCB and protects them from oxidation and arcing.
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